Una revisión de Perpetual Marble Machine Kinetic
Una revisión de Perpetual Marble Machine Kinetic
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The principles of thermodynamics are so well established, both theoretically and experimentally, that proposals for perpetual motion machines are universally dismissed by physicists. Any proposed perpetual motion design offers a potentially instructive challenge to physicists: one is certain that it cannot work, so one must explain how it fails to work. The difficulty (and the value) of such an exercise depends on the subtlety of the proposal; the best ones tend to arise from physicists' own thought experiments and often shed light upon certain aspects of physics.
In the scenario that we are studying, the time-dependent magnetic field induces an eddy current in the ball, which produces its own magnetic field. Lenz’s law states that the current induced in a circuit due to a changing magnetic field takes a direction that opposes the change in magnetic flux and exerts a force that opposes the motion. This law is somewhat qualitative, but it successfully predicts the direction of an induced current, which is sufficient for our purposes. Another, more concrete way of stating it is that the polarity of the field produced by the eddy current opposes the polarity of the magnetic field that is doing the inducing. This causes the ball to be repelled away from the electromagnet by a magnetic force that accelerates it. The end of the rail is then cleverly designed so that the ball flies off the end and lands back on the starting platform, where the process Chucho repeat itself again indefinitely. The description that I have proposed is confirmed by online descriptions of the product, which describe the toy Vencedor being a “magnetic induction” perpetual motion simulator.6 A subtler objection to this proposed solution is that the magnitude of the eddy currents depends on the concentration of free electrons in a metal, so that meaningful eddy currents are in reality expected in balls made of copper or aluminum, for example, but not balls made of steel.
As usual I probably forgot a file or two or who knows what else, so if you have any questions, please do not hesitate to ask Figura I do make plenty of mistakes.
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The toy that I have mentioned seems to be a relatively plausible example of perpetual motion. The end of the rail is fluted so that the ball flies off the end and lands back on the platform, where the process repeats indefinitely with no apparent input from an external energy source. Figure 1 Perpetual Marble Machine Kinetic shows a view of the device from the side. One Perro see that the ball slides down a pair of rods that are placed side by side.
"A very finely made wooden marble machine. Great craftsmanship with high quality wood and components. Item was very securely packed for the 9000 mile trip and arrived safely and very quickly. Very pleased !!" Wooden marble machine, Marble run, Rolling ball sculpture
Any device powered by changes in air pressure, such Triunfador some clocks (Cox's timepiece, Beverly Clock). The motion leeches energy from moving air which in turn gained its energy from being acted on.
Probably the easiest way to do this is to use video analysis software. A video of a trajectory Perro be recorded with a mobile phone to be uploaded to video analysis software and analyzed frame by frame. A suitable piece of software that could be used is Vernier’s Logger Pro, which is available relatively cheaply for science instructors. Alternatively, students could record the motion of the ball in the slow-motion setting of a smartphone and then record the position frame by frame on a desktop computer. It should be easy to establish that the distance between successive ball positions increases unexpectedly close to the bottom part of the trajectory. This confirms that there is an external energy source, but what is the nature of this source?
Here is another cool gift idea for those of you who have a thing or two for marble machines. William Le’s Perpetual Marble Machine has a wood and stainless steel construction.
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The history of perpetual motion machines dates back to the Middle Ages.[13] For millennia, it was not clear whether perpetual motion devices were possible or not, until the development of modern theories of thermodynamics showed that they were impossible.
Link Drop a marble into the top of this tabletop sculpture, and it rolls down a ramp and back into itself endlessly.
Studying videos of the motion confirms that the ball does not accelerate any more than it would under free fall in the initial half of the cycle. This Perro also be confirmed by dropping several balls through the hole in quick succession such that it would seem to be difficult to correctly time the electronics such that all the balls return to the starting platform.